Description of Myriophyllum spicatum (Spiked Water Milfoil)

Myriophyllum spicatum, commonly known as Spiked Water Milfoil, is a submerged aquatic perennial found in lakes, ponds, and slow-moving water across the UK. It is valued as an oxygenating plant that supports clear, balanced water and strong wildlife habitats.

This species produces long, branched shoots with whorls of finely divided leaves. Each leaf is split into many hairlike segments, which create a soft, feathery structure below the surface. This dense growth offers shelter for fish, amphibians, and aquatic insects.

In summer, Myriophyllum spicatum sends flower spikes above the water. These carry small, dull red flowers. While the blooms are subtle, they add seasonal interest and attract some pollinators.

You may also find this plant sold under other names:

• Meakin
• Water navelwort

If your goal is stable, healthy water, this plant can play a key role. It absorbs nutrients that would otherwise feed algae. It also releases oxygen during daylight, which supports fish and beneficial microbes.

Think about the structure in your pond. Do fish have places to hide or breed? Dense underwater growth improves survival for fry and creates habitat for invertebrates.

Why add Myriophyllum spicatum to your pond?

• Native and suited to UK climates
• Reliable oxygenating plant
• Helps maintain clear, balanced water
• Provides shelter and breeding sites
• Supports frogs, newts, and insects
• Adds natural texture and movement

This plant also provides light shade under the surface. This helps regulate temperature and reduces stress for fish during warm periods.

Planting and care tips

• Plant in still or slow-moving water
• Suitable for depths from 20 cm to over 1 m
• Anchor stems in aquatic soil or gravel
• Can also grow freely once established
• Thin regularly to prevent overcrowding
• Best planted in spring or early summer

This species grows steadily and can spread in nutrient-rich ponds. Regular thinning helps maintain open water and balance. Removed stems can be composted or shared.

Combine Spiked Water Milfoil with floating plants and marginals to create layered habitats. Mixing species supports more wildlife and stabilises pond conditions throughout the year.

If you want a strong oxygenator that supports biodiversity and improves water quality, Myriophyllum spicatum is a dependable choice. It brings structure, resilience, and long-term balance to ponds of many sizes.